Historical development of practices of institutional critique in relation to the corresponding development of the modern art gallery.
Importance of art museum - bourgeois public sphere 19th c.
Peter Burgers theorisation of the twin development of aestheticist art practise - critical avant gardism. 20th c.
Postwar critique of the convention of the white cube through attention to Brian O'Dohertys inside the white cube. Michael Ashers 1974 Claire Copley Gallery installation.
Social function of the art museum. Public exhibition spaces. Social gathering. sense of belonging. role of individual in society. ideology. wider society.
Individuals place in society - integration - public art museums. sense of visible public.
Workers labour becomes commodity. work to sell. product / labour.
No longer connected to products of work - exchanged our labour.
wage labour.
Work becomes object - exists outside of worker - alien.
Paid by someone else - sense of distance to the work you have done. alienating effect.
Capitalism - single fundamental class division. Core factor in class relations was ideology - social misitification. Ideology - explains mans failure to comprehend ones own alienation in society. We are not free to think for ourselves. voice we have is a construct of different voices and class interests.
TJ Clarke - systems of belief - social classes conflict between eachother - our life's circumstances are rooted in materialism. different voices that express different voices and beliefs.
Coming into contact with other opposing belief systems. different class interests.
Social institutions - schools churches press - support existsing relationships and class interests.
Modernist art museum - post revolutionary France.
Paris. Louvre.
Upper class - new social institutions - promote core values of the new french state. rise of the upper classes = new public art museum. New french republic. violent over throw. Universal values. freedom. equality. Rationalise shift in society. Louvre was a core component of this.
Opening of museum - anniversary of the founding of the republic. All individuals belogning in society will be joined as one. Bringing individuals together and making them aware of their belonging in society. Spirit of festival - free access to the Louvre. Treasures / valuable artefacts. French working classes were able to see them.
Universal cultural values. Political function - promoting the values of the new regime.
Eugene Delacroix painting.
Museum would quite political storms - Belief in progress. cultural and political. condensed french cultural life. sophistication of the french people. tangible examples of french social life - joined them with other citizens as part of a museum audience.
Integrate people into new social structure. promote freedom and equality.
Unequal distribution of means. Free to compete.
Subjected to poverty - slave labour.
Clear political and ideological function.
Mythologies. Roland Barthes. everyday cultural production. 1957. Analyse magazine covers - social prejudices.
Feeling of impatience - news papers and common sense - dress up a reality. Reality determined by history. nature and history confused at every turn. Ideological abuse is hidden there.
Notions of naturalness - historically constructed. Ideology functions as cultural assumptions.
What appears natural but is actual constructed.
Relations of production. beliefs and assumptions. collective.
Reproducing ideological constructs.
Collective belief structure. A social product.
Social existence - defines conscieneness
our place in the world defines our beliefs
19th c - public exhibitions become more popular.
Exhibitionary complex.
1851 - Great exhibition Crystal Palace. Technical progression.
Generated spaces that represented cultural life.
transfer of objects from private domains into more public and open arenas. Messages of power.
Power and prowess of different nations. Cultural achievements. Belonging in the space.
Public belonging.
Relations between the public and the exhibit. see and be seen. functions of spectacle and surveillance. Panopticism. You behave and you are aware of your behaviour being public.
Environments - own inclusion in large social body - become aware of their rights and responsibilites.
Producing perception of inclusion in general public and also wider society.
20th c. Peter Burgers identified - progressive removal of arts function - art in museum spaces. seperation of art and life. modern art - individual.
Served as an expression of an individuals emotions.
Henri Matisse. Aesthetic tendancy.
Harmonious. Relationship of colour and space.
Status of art - being held apart from society - freed from having to represent society. so it can become oriented around individual pleasure.
Reintegrate art in life.
Art - social change and usefulness.
Grafton gallery London. Roger fry.
Post impressionist practice.
Colour - shape - formal characteristics. artists own feelings. generated in relation to abstract interactions. provoked emotion.
Paul Gauguin.
Colour is a vibration - just like music. attains what is most universal and most illusive in nature - its own force of nature - artists attraction to nature.
Blaue Reither group. Kandinsky.
Art become divorced from representation of nature - become more abstract. informalist terms.
Narrative representations. downplayed. Limitations of reality - freedom from this.
The aesthetic hypothesis. The capaicty of a works formal organisation to provoke and emotional response. Formal characteristics. Emotional life of the individual in the gallery.
One can feel their emotions before these works. individuals emotions.
Developments - sperate art from everyday life - doesnt have responsibility to represent social value - become something that is an aesthetic rather than a social reality.
Tastefulness.
Against need and desire. practical activity.
Contemplation.
No loger connected with physical need or desire. becomes opportunity or explore own intalect.
Rational judgement.
Satisfactions you take from a good meal - physical satisfaction. whaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.
Ideological function. autonomy of art - upper class society. arts detachment from the context of practical life. Need for survival.
Life is made up of getting things done. Modern art gallery became a space away from modern pressures of life. one could comprehend ones own aesthetic emotions. freed from any sense of trying to achieve anything. Institutionalisation. individual might discover aesthetic emotions.
Social values - ideology of independance of art from wider social life.
The citizen in everyday life as been reduced to a social function but he can be discovered in art as a human being.
Art gallery - one can experience ones own emotions in front of artwork.
In the gallery you can feel the freedom of your emotions but the freedom is restricted to that space - outside this space its just about getting things done.
Avant Garde.
dada - negative. reject cultural norms and values. Appaled by violence of ww1.
Development of autonomous art. a form of anti art. rejection of values of tastefulness.
Cult of individualism. attacked convention.
control and manipulation and domination.
Peter burger. Theory of the avant garde.
DADA 3. Tristan Tzara. 1918.
Rejection of society.
Setting out values in a manifesto.
Question the idea of putting forward any type of argument.
Not making any positive statement.
Marcel Duchamp. 1917 Inserted urinal in public exhibition. art works arent independant. nothing naturally expressive about an art work. its the way in which it is socially conveyed that allows us to interact with it.
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